The edit button seems to have disappeared, so I'm forced to reply to myself. I remembered that when I used pSX on Ubuntu a year or two ago, it also segfaulted on startup, and the problem was related to PulseAudio. Found the old thread I had used to resolve the issue:
http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1146830.html
These were the relevant instructions:
"it looks like pSX is having trouble with soundcard detection. here's how I managed to workaround this on Jaunty amd64. I did have to run pSX with sudo, but only once. here's the deal:
1. kill pulseaudio (sudo killall pulseaudio)
2. run pSX as root (sudo ./pSX)
3. find the "sound" tab in the configuration and switch the "device" setting from "default" to your soundcard (plughw:0,0 in my case). apply. close pSX.
4 open /root/.pSX/psx.ini in a text editor (gksudo gedit /root/.pSX/psx.ini). find the "device" string under [Sound] section (I have "b7d317a4" there).
5. paste this string into the relevant section in ~/.pSX/psx.ini, in place of all zeroes. save. if you don't have this file in your user directory, run pSX and cancel just after choosing language, on the bios selection screen. pSX should save settings then.
now pSX runs fine even after reboot."
I'm guessing RetroCopy's problem is similar, because I tried running it as root and it didn't segfault after the 5 second mark. However, there was no music playing in the menu and it segfaulted when I try to run any ROM. Killing PulseAudio prior to running RetroCopy didn't help either. Any ideas?